报告摘要:

The Little Bangs created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions share many characteristic features with the cosmological evolution after the Big Bang. They create a quark-gluon plasma - an extremely dense state of strongly interacting matter that flows like an almost perfect fluid. This allows to describe such heavy­-ion collisions with dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics, supplemented by an early pre-hydrodynamic and a late kinetic freeze-out stage. I will demonstrate how quantum fluctuations in the initial state of the Little Bang propagate into the experimentally observed final state, manifesting themselves as fluctuations in the final flow pattern. A harmonic analysis of the final flows, their transverse momentum dependence and their flow angles (the "Little Bang flow fluctuation spectrum") provides detailed experimental information from which theory allows to extract with precision the spectrum of gluon fluctuations in the initial state, together with the transport coefficients of the quark-gluon plasma fluid created in the collisions.

报告人简介：

Ulrich Heinz 教授任职于美国俄亥俄州立大学。他在德国法兰克福大学获博士学位，并先后就职于美国布鲁克海文国家实验室、德国雷根斯堡大学、欧洲核子研究中心和美国俄亥俄州立大学；2001年当选美国物理学会会士（APS fellow），2005年当选美国科学促进会会士（AAAS fellow）；曾担任国际知名刊物Physical Review Letters分部副主编、Nuclear Physics A副主编等。Ulrich Heinz 教授的研究领域为相对论重离子碰撞和夸克胶子等离子体。在近30年的时间里，引领和推动了流体力学和输运理论的发展，揭示了夸克胶子等离子体近完美流体的性质。

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